Navigating the transportation of dangerous goods requires precision, compliance, and the correct documentation. A critical component of this process is the UN number — a standardized identifier that helps classify hazardous materials during transit. Today’s blog will explore the meaning of UN numbers and why they are critical in dangerous goods transportation.
What are UN numbers?
UN numbers are unique identifiers assigned to hazardous substances or materials that pose potential risks during transport. The United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods set these numbers, ensuring safety and effective communication across the global supply chain.
The UN number range spans from UN0001 to approximately UN3500. Each number corresponds to a specific substance or a group of substances with similar properties and risk profiles.
When should you use UN hazmat numbers?
UN numbers are mandatory when shipping hazardous materials across international borders. These unique codes must appear on hazmat placard numbers, shipping documents, and packaging. They also play a critical role in enforcing proper handling, packaging, and storage protocols.
For example, UN1942 (Ammonium Nitrate) signals the need for careful storage away from heat sources due to its explosive properties; Lithium batteries are classified as UN3480 when shipped alone and UN3481 when packed with equipment.
This system ensures that everyone along the supply chain, from shippers to emergency responders, follows safety measures to prevent accidents.
What are hazmat placards?
Alongside UN numbers, the Department of Transportation (DOT) mandates that hazardous cargo display hazmat placards. It is a diamond-shaped sign that visually indicates the type of danger a substance presents. It also alerts the public and regulatory authorities about the presence of dangerous goods.
Like road warning signs, hazmat placards use standardized symbols, colors, and numbers to convey information at a glance. For instance, a red placard with a flame symbol signifies flammable liquids, while a skull and crossbones represent toxic materials.
Failing to display the correct hazmat placards and numbers during transportation can result in hefty fines, legal penalties, and potential safety hazards.
Different classifications of UN numbers
Generally, UN numbers can be seen on Hazmat placards. Hazmat warning placards are categorized into nine distinct classifications according to the type of dangerous goods, each with subdivisions. You can check the example picture below:
UN hazardous materials placard
Hazmat placard color
How to find hazmat UN numbers?
There are several reliable ways to locate the UN number for a specific substance or article, ensuring compliance with international shipping regulations.
1. Refer to the UN Model Regulations
The United Nations Recommendations on Dangerous Goods (Model Regulations) is the primary reference for identifying UN numbers. The latest version (Revision 23) is available for download on the UNECE website.
In Volume 1, there are two key sections where you can find hazmat numbers:
1.1 Chapter 3.2: Dangerous Goods List
This section organizes dangerous goods numerically by their UN number. It also provides essential information such as:
- Proper shipping name
- Hazard class
- Packing group (I for high danger, II for medium, and III for low danger)
- Subsidiary risks
- Packaging requirements
1.2 Alphabetical Index of Substances and Articles
If you know the substance name but not the UN number, the alphabetical index provides a quick way to cross-reference the material with its corresponding hazard class.
2. Explore the UN dangerous goods list
Another way to find hazmat UN numbers is by browsing the UN number list available on Wikipedia. This free resource allows you to search by key terms to locate the corresponding hazardous materials code.
While convenient, please note that Wikipedia may not always reflect the latest updates from the UN Model Regulations Rev. 23. For the most up-to-date information, it’s best to cross-reference official regulatory sources or consult with experienced freight forwarders like ASLG.
Safety measures when shipping goods with UN numbers
- Proper packaging and labeling: Use packaging that meets regulatory standards, ensuring it is durable, leak-proof, and appropriately labeled with the correct UN number and hazard class.
- Appropriate transport equipment: Select trucks and containers specifically designed for hazardous materials, such as temperature-controlled units or pressure-resistant tanks.
- Personnel training: Ensure all staff handling and shipping dangerous goods receive proper training on hazard recognition, emergency response, and safety protocols.
- Special Regulations Compliance: Follow additional regulations for certain materials, such as radioactive or highly toxic substances, which may require specific permits and extra safety measures.
- Clear communication: Maintain constant coordination between shippers, carriers, and recipients to share safety information and ensure proper handling throughout the shipping process.
Partner with ASLG to stay compliant
Transporting hazardous materials involves significant risks, but you can navigate the complexities smoothly with the right guidance.
Airsupply can help you plan for transporting hazardous materials, ensuring your shipments adhere to all regulations. Our expertise extends to shipping items like batteries and vape products, offering guaranteed cargo space and competitive pricing.
We’re here to simplify your logistics process. From ensuring compliance with UN number lists to preparing the required documents, we guarantee your shipments meet all necessary standards.
